Click here for part one with details on trends in image sensors and image processing

Changes with Optics

The latest generation of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) sensors now available feature low noise and high Dynamic Range (DR). This enhanced DR enables increased gain while maintaining the desired camera output resolution, measured in bits. Consequently, lens aperture selection can be adjusted to balance aberrations and diffraction effects, with additional flexibility provided by using a Neutral Density (ND) filter if needed.

Recent advancements in CMOS sensor technology offer greater freedom in selecting parameters that optimize performance, such as improving the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF). In some applications, it may even be feasible to capture the full dynamic range of the scene without controlling light flux via an iris diaphragm or variable ND filter. The advantages of this approach include:

  • Lower cost lenses
  • Increased Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) due to fewer moving parts and higher reliability
  • Improved image resolution from a fixed aperture optimized for contrast
  • Better image uniformity, reducing radial falloff in intensity
  • Superior repeatability through digital implementation
  • More compact designs that are power-efficient and easier to install

This example illustrates how innovations in sensor technology integrated with image processing can optimize the electro-optical imaging system. In the near future, further integration of optics, sensors, and processing will likely yield more optimized solutions. As a result, zoom lenses may evolve toward hybrid digital mechanisms as part of a trade-off between performance, size, reliability, and cost—similar to trends already seen in consumer products that are now entering industrial markets.

Future of Interfaces

Although new systems might not be designed using Camera Link, legacy applications will continue relying on this interface. Many designers are transitioning toward USB3 Vision or GigE Vision to eliminate the need for frame grabbers when cable length or speed limitations pose issues. However, GigE Vision faces challenges due to high data rates required even by HD resolutions, while 10 GigE adoption is limited because it lacks strong consumer market drivers.

USB3 Vision continues gaining market share with planned speed enhancements, though its limited cable length and complex multi-camera system design may hinder cost reductions in some cases. CoaXPress has gained widespread acceptance in high-end applications due to its high data rates and long cable lengths. Interest extends beyond industrial markets into sectors like military and medical, where the standard’s rugged cables, support for any video format, and ability to consolidate power, video data, communication, and triggering onto a single coaxial cable are highly valued.

Modern CoaXPress implementations demonstrate the feasibility of creating compact, low-power cameras. Given its versatility, we anticipate continued growth in CoaXPress adoption across industries.

What Are Your Thoughts?

What do you believe will shape the future of industrial vision technology?

Last Updated: 2025-09-04 20:34:41